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Dissociation and Dissociative Disorders

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Guidelines for Treating Dissociative Identity Disorder
(Multiple Personality Disorder) in Adults (1997)

Guidelines for the Evaluation and Treatment
of Dissociative Symptoms in Children and Adolescents (2003)
(Adobe file)

Dissociative Disorders Psychotherapy Training Program

Dissociation Rating Scales

Adolescent Dissociative Experiences ( A-DES ) (Adobe file)

Child Dissociative Checklist ( CDC ) (Adobe file)

Dissociative Experiences Scale ( DES II ) (Adobe file)

 

References on Dissociation and Dissociative Identity Disorder

  • Allen ,J. J., & Movius, H. L. 2nd. (2001). The objective assessment of amnesia in dissociative identity disorder using event-related potentials. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 38(1):21-41.
  • Armstrong, J. (1991). The psychological organization of multiple personality disordered patients as revealed in psychological testing. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 3, 533-546.
  • Armstrong, J. G., & Loewenstein, R. J. (1990). Characteristics of patients with multiple personality and dissociative disorders on psychological testing. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 178, 448-454.
  • Armstrong, J. G., Putnam, F. W., Carlson, E. B., Libero, D. Z., & Smith, S.R. (1997). Development and validation of a measure of adolescent dissociation: the Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale. J Nerv Ment Dis, 185(8), 491-7
  • Bernstein, E. M., & Putnam, F. W. (1986). Development, reliability, and validity of a dissociation scale. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 174, 727-735.
  • Birnbaum, M. H., Thomann, K. (1996). Visual function in multiple personality disorder. Journal of the American Optometric Association. 67(6):327-34.
  • Braun, B. G. (1985). The transgenerational incidence of dissociation and multiple personality disorder: A preliminary report. In R.P. Kluft (Ed.), Childhood Antecedents of Multiple Personality (pp. 127-150). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
    Braun, B. G. (Ed.). (1986). Treatment of multiple personality disorder. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
  • Braun, B. G., & Sachs, R. G. (1985). The development of multiple personality disorder: Predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors. In R.P. Kluft (Ed.), Childhood antecedents of multiple personality (pp. 37-64). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
  • Coons, P. M. (1984). The differential diagnosis of multiple personality. A comprehensive review. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 7, 51-67.
  • Coons, P. M. (1985). Children of parents with multiple personality disorder. In R.P. Kluft (Ed.), Childhood antecedents of multiple personality (pp. 37-64). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
  • Coons, P. M. (1998). The dissociative disorders. Rarely considered and underdiagnosed. Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 21(3):637-48.
  • Dell, P. F. (1998). Axis II pathology in outpatients with dissociative identity disorder. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 186(6):352-6.
  • Dell, P. F. (December 2000). A new diagnostic scale for dissociative identity disorder. Paper presented at the International Society for the Study of Dissociation Annual Meeting. San Antonio, TX.
  • Dell, P. F. (2001). Why the diagnostic criteria for dissociative identity disorder should be changed. Journal of trauma and dissociation. 2(1):7-37.
    Dorahy, M. J. (2001).
  • Dissociative identity disorder and memory dysfunction: the current state of experimental research and its future directions. Clinical Psychology Review 21(5):771-95.
  • Evers-Szostak, M. & Sanders, S. (1992). The Children's Perceptual Alteration Scale (CPAS): A measure of children's dissociation. Dissociation, 5, 91-97.
  • Ferenczi, S. (1955). Confusion of Tongues Between Adults and the Child [originally: The Passions of Adults and their Influence on the Sexual and Character Development of Children.] In S. Ferenczi, Final contribution to the problems and methods of psycho-analysis. New York: Brunner/Mazel. (Original work published in International Journal of Psychoanalysis 1949, Vol. 30)
  • Gleaves, D. H., May, M. C., & Cardena, E.. (2001). An examination of the diagnostic validity of dissociative identity disorder. Clinical Psychology Review. 21(4):577-608.
    Hartman D, Crisp AH, Sedgwick P, Borrow S. (2001). Is there a dissociative process in sleepwalking and night terrors? Postgraduate Medical Journal. 77(906):244-9.
  • Kluft, R. P. (1984). Treatment of multiple personality disorder: A study of 33 cases. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 7, 9-29.
  • Kluft, R. P. (1985). Childhood multiple personality disorder: Predictors, clinical findings, and treatment results. In R. P. Kluft (Ed.), Childhood Antecedents of Multiple Personality (pp. 167-196). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
  • Kluft, R. P. (1987). First-rank symptoms as a diagnostic clue to multiple personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 293-298.
  • Kluft, R. P. (1987). The parental fitness of mothers with multiple personality disorder: A preliminary study. Child Abuse & Neglect, 11, 273-280.
  • Leavitt, F., Labott, S. M. (1998). Rorschach indicators of dissociative identity disorders: clinical utility and theoretical implications. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 54(6):803-10.
  • Meares, R. (1999). The "adualistic" representation of trauma: on malignant internalization. American Journal of Psychotherapy. 53(3):392-402.
  • McAllister, M. M. (2000). Dissociative identity disorder: a literature review. Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health Nursing. 7(1):25-33.
  • Nijenhuis, E. R., Spinhoven, .P, van Dyck, R., van der Hart, O., Vanderlinden, J. (1996). The development and psychometric characteristics of the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ-20). Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 184(11):688-94.
  • Nijenhuis, E. R., Spinhoven, .P, van Dyck, R., van der Hart, O., Vanderlinden, J. (1998). Psychometric characteristics of the somatoform dissociation questionnaire: a replication study. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 67(1):17-23.
  • Peters, M.L., Uyterlindem S. A., Consemulder, J., van der Hart, O. (1998). Apparent amnesia on experimental memory tests in dissociative identity disorder: an exploratory study. Consciousness and Cognition. 7(1):27-41.
  • Peterson, G. (1991). Children coping with trauma: Diagnosis of "Dissociation Identity Disorder." Dissociation, 4, 152-164.
  • Peterson, G. (1996a). Diagnostic taxonomy: past to future. In J. L. Silberg (Ed.), The dissociative child: diagnosis, treatment and management (pp. 3-26). Lutherville, MD: Sidran Press.
  • Peterson, G. (1996b). Treatment of early onset. In Spira, J. L. (Ed.) Treating dissociative identity disorder (pp. 135-181). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Peterson, G. & Boat, B. (1997). Concerns and issues in treating children of parents diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 6(3), 1-14.
  • Pica, M., Beere, D., Lovinger, S., & Dush, D. (2001). The responses of dissociative patients on the thematic apperception test. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 57(7):847-64.
  • Prince, M. (1919). The psychogenesis of multiple personality. The Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 14, 225-280.
  • Putnam, F. W. (1989). Diagnosis and treatment of multiple personality disorder. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Putnam, F. W. (1997). Dissociation in children and adolescents. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Putnam, F. W., Guroff, J. J., Silverman, E. K., Barban, L., & Post, R. M. (1986). The clinical phenomenology of multiple personality disorder: A review of 100 recent cases. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 47, 285-293.
  • Putnam, F. W., Helmers, K., & Trickett, P. K. (1993). Development, reliability and validity of a child dissociation scale. Child Abuse and Neglect, 17, 731-742.
  • Reagor, P. A., Kasten, J. D., & Morelli, N. (1992). A checklist for screening dissociative disorders in children and adolescents. Dissociation, 5, 4-19.
  • Ross, C. A. (1991). Epidemiology of multiple personality disorder and dissociation. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 3, 503-518.
  • Ross, C. A. (1996). Epidemiology of dissociation in children and adolescents. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 5(2), 273-284.
  • Ross, C. A., Heber, S., Norton, G. R., Anderson, D., Anderson, G., & Barchet, P. (1989). The dissociative disorders interview schedule: A structured interview. Dissociation, 2, 169-189.
  • Ross, C. A., Norton, G. R., & Wozney, K. (1989). Multiple personality disorder: An analysis of 236 cases. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 34, 413-418.
  • Ross, C. A., Miller, S., Reagor, P., Bjornson, L., Fraser, G. A. & Anderson, G. (1990). Schneiderian symptoms in multiple personality disorder and schizophrenia. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 31, 111-118.
  • Shirar, L (1996) Dissociative children: bridging the inner and outer worlds. New York: Norton.
  • Silberg, J. L. (1998). Dissociative symptomatology in children and adolescents as displayed on psychological testing. Journal of Personality Assessment. 71(3):421-39.
  • Scroppo, J. C., Drob, S. L., Weinberger, J. L., Eagle, P. (1998). Identifying dissociative identity disorder: a self-report and projective study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 107(2):272-84.
  • Steinberg, M. (1994). Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Dissociative Disorders- Revised (SCID-D-R). Washington: American Psychiatric Press.
  • Steinberg, M. (1996). Diagnostic tools for assessing dissociation in children and adolescents. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 5(2), 333-349.
  • Wood, J. M., Lilienfeld, S. O., Garb, H. N., & Nezworski, M. T. (2000). The Rorschach test in clinical diagnosis: a critical review, with a backward look at Garfield (1947). Journal of Clinical Psychology 56(3):395-430; discussion 431-4.

 
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